Cepstral analysis of normal and pathological voice in Colombian Spanish using the PRAAT program
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Subjective auditory-perceptual measurements, GRABS (Grade, Roughness, Asthenia, Breathiness y Strain) and CAPE-V (Consensus Auditory Perceptual Evaluation of Voice) have been the gold standard in voice evaluation. Recently, the smoothed cepstral peak prominence (CPPS) has been imposed as the acoustic measurement, objective and more robust for dysphonia severity. Objectives: The cepstral analysis of the PRAAT program was evaluated in patients with a pathological and non-pathological voice in Colombian Spanish speakers and the standard values for the CPPS in connected language (CPPSc), compared with the perceptual analysis of the voice (GRBAS). Methods: An observational, analytical, cross-sectional, multicenter diagnostic test was performed with 120 individuals. The voice was recorded and the CPPSc was analyzed with the PRAAT program. The auditory perceptual assessment was applied by two expert evaluators for the GRBAS scale. Results: The average age was 43.3 ± 18.1 years, 64.2% were women. The mean CPPSc in the dysphonic group was 6.40 dB, while in the group of normophonic individuals it was 8.54 dB, with significant differences between both groups (p=0.000). Sensitivity of 83.6% and specificity of 96.2%; for pathological voice was established in patients with CPPSc values less than 7.38 dB. A high correlation was found in the CPPSc value with the severity of dysphonia. Conclusions: The value of CPPSc through the Praat program is an efficient measure, due to its high validity, low cost and easy application to objectively evaluate dysphonia and its severity.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Este artículo es publicado por la Revista Acta de Otorrinolaringología & Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello.
Este es un artículo de acceso abierto, distribuido bajo los términos de la LicenciaCreativeCommons Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional.( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/), que permite el uso no comercial, distribución y reproducción en cualquier medio, siempre que la obra original sea debidamente citada.
eISSN: 2539-0856
ISSN: 0120-8411
References
Cohen SM. Self-reported impact of dysphonia in a primary care population: an epidemiological study. Laryngoscope. 2010;120(10):2022-32. doi: 10.1002/lary.21058
Roy N, Merrill RM, Thibeault S, Parsa RA, Gray SD, Smith EM. Prevalence of voice disorders in teachers and the general population. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2004;47(2):281-93. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2004/023)
Raju N, Priya TL, Mathini S, Preethi P. Normal versus pathology voice-an analysis. ICCCA. 2012;1–4. doi: 10.1109/ ICCCA.2012.6179188
Dejonckere PH, Bradley P, Clemente P, Cornut G, Crevier Buchman L, Friedrich G, et al. A basic protocol for functional assessment of voice pathology, especially for investigating the efficacy of (phonosurgical) treatments and evaluating new assessment techniques. Guideline elaborated by the Committee on Phoniatrics of the European Laryngological Society (ELS). Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2001;258(2):77-82. doi: 10.1007/ s004050000299
Delgado-Hernández J, León-Gómez NM, Izquierdo-Arteaga LM, Llanos-Fumero Y. Cepstral analysis of normal and pathological voice in Spanish adults. Smoothed cepstral peak prominence in sustained vowels versus connected speech. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp (Engl Ed). 2018;69(3):134-40. doi: 10.1016/j.otorri.2017.05.006
Brockmann-Bauser M, Drinnan MJ. Routine acoustic voice analysis: time to think again? Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2011;19(3):165-70. doi: 10.1097/ MOO.0b013e32834575fe
Gunjawate DR, Ravi R, Bellur R. Acoustic Analysis of Voice in Singers: A Systematic Review. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2018;61(1):40-51. doi: 10.1044/2017_JSLHR-S-17-0145
Gerratt BR, Kreiman J, Garellek M. Comparing Measures of Voice Quality From Sustained Phonation and Continuous Speech. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2016;59(5):994-1001. doi: 10.1044/2016_JSLHR-S-15-0307
Awan SN, Solomon NP, Helou LB, Stojadinovic A. Spectral-cepstral estimation of dysphonia severity: external validation. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2013;122(1):40-8. doi: 10.1177/000348941312200108
Noll AM. Cepstrum pitch determination. J Acoust Soc Am. 1967;41(2):293-309. doi: 10.1121/1.1910339
Heman-Ackah YD, Sataloff RT, Laureyns G, Lurie D, Michael DD, Heuer R, et al. Quantifying the cepstral peak prominence, a measure of dysphonia. J Voice. 2014;28(6):783-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.005
Sauder C, Bretl M, Eadie T. Predicting Voice Disorder Status From Smoothed Measures of Cepstral Peak Prominence Using Praat and Analysis of Dysphonia in Speech and Voice (ADSV). J Voice. 2017;31(5):557-66. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.01.006
Maryn Y, Roy N, De Bodt M, Van Cauwenberge P, Corthals P. Acoustic measurement of overall voice quality: a meta analysis. J Acoust Soc Am. 2009;126(5):2619-34. doi: 10.1121/1.3224706
Fraile R, Godino-Llorente JI. Cepstral peak prominence: A comprehensive analysis. Biomed Signal Process Control. 2014;14(1):42-54. doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2014.07.001
Peterson EA, Roy N, Awan SN, Merrill RM, Banks R, Tanner K. Toward validation of the cepstral spectral index of dysphonia (CSID) as an objective treatment outcomes measure. J Voice. 2013;27(4):401-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.04.002
Alharbi GG, Cannito MP, Buder EH, Awan SN. Spectral/ Cepstral Analyses of Phonation in Parkinson’s Disease before and after Voice Treatment: A Preliminary Study. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2019;71(5-6):275-85. doi: 10.1159/000495837
Schwartz SR, Cohen SM, Dailey SH, Rosenfeld RM, Deutsch ES, Gillespie MB, et al. Clinical practice guideline: hoarseness (dysphonia). Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009;141(3 Suppl 2):S1-S31. doi: 10.1016/j.otohns.2009.06.744
Núñez-Batalla F, Cartón-Corona N, Vasile G, García-Cabo P, Fernández-Vañes L, Llorente-Pendás JL. Validation of the measures of cepstral peak prominence as a measure of dysphonia severity in Spanish-speaking subjects. Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp (Engl Ed). 2019;70(4):222-28. doi: 10.1016/j.otorri.2018.04.008
Hasanvand A, Salehi A, Ebrahimipour M. A Cepstral Analysis of Normal and Pathologic Voice Qualities in Iranian Adults: A Comparative Study. J Voice. 2017;31(4):508.e17-508.e23. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.017
Lee Y, Kim G, Kwon S. The Usefulness of Auditory Perceptual Assessment and Acoustic Analysis for Classifying the Voice Severity. J Voice. 2020;34(6):884-93. doi: 10.1016/j. jvoice.2019.04.013
Maryn Y, Weenink D. Objective dysphonia measures in the program Praat: smoothed cepstral peak prominence and acoustic voice quality index. J Voice. 2015;29(1):35-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.06.015
van Leer E, Pfister RC, Zhou X. An iOS-based Cepstral Peak Prominence Application: Feasibility for Patient Practice of Resonant Voice. J Voice. 2017;31(1):131.e9-131.e16. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.022